PRK
A recent development in vision correction is a procedure called Photorefractive Keratectomy or PRK. This procedure is similar to LASIK but entails applying the excimer laser to the surface of the cornea without creating a flap. Instead, the PRK process uses an excimer laser to sculpt an area 5 to 9 millimeters in diameter on the surface of the eye.
How PRK Works
This process removes only 5-10% of the thickness of the cornea for mild to moderate myopia and up to 30% for extreme myopia - about the thickness of 1 to 3 human hairs. The major benefit of this procedure is that the integrity and the strength of the corneal dome is retained. The excimer laser is set at a wavelength of 193nm, which can remove a microscopic corneal cell layer without damaging any adjoining cells. This allows for extremely accurate and specific modifications to the cornea with little trauma to the eye.
This is a proven, safe and excellent refractive surgery choice, especially for those with thin corneas, older age, dry eyes, as well as those who wish to avoid the surgical incision associated with LASIK. But greater patience and recovery time is required for this procedure when compared to LASIK.
After PRK
Immediately after surgery some people have discomfort, although the use of bandage contact lenses and medications usually controls this. Light sensitivity is almost universal and halos and other unusual light effects can occur. Vision can be reduced while healing and from the intended overcorrection. Medical professionals and their associates consider this treatment as experimental as long-term side effects are not yet known. You must fully understand and discuss and all of these possible side effects and problems with your surgeon prior to surgery.
Potential Problems
Serious complications are extremely rare. Infection is the most worrisome complication and fortunately it can usually be eliminated with antibiotic medications. Other possible problems include delayed surface healing, corneal haze and or scarring, over or under-correction, and the development of astigmatism. Some individuals can have a poor or excessive healing response. Again most complications remain treatable with medications or further surgery.
